UmThethosisekelo weRiphabliki yeSewula Afrika/Isahluko 2
| ←Isahluko 1 | UmThethosisekelo weRiphabliki yeSewula Afrika (1996) Isahluko 2: UmTlolo WamaLungelo WobuNtu |
Isahluko 3→ |
7. Amalungelo
1. UmTlolo wamaLungelo wobuNtu usisekelo okwakhelwe phezu kwaso intando yenengi eSewula Afrika. Umumethe amalungelo wabo boke abantu benarha yekhethu begodu uqinisa amagugu wentando yenengi nesithunzi sobuntu, ukulingana kanye netjhaphuluko.
2. Umbuso kumele uhloniphe, uvikele, uthuthukise begodu uzalise amalungelo amunyethwe mTlolo wamaLungelo wobuNtu.
3. Amalungelo amunyethwe mTlolo wamaLungelo wobuNtu ngokulawulwa mikhawulo emunyethweko namkha okukhulunywa ngayo esigabeni 36, namkha ngokutjhiwo kwenye indawo ngaphakathi kwalomtlolo lo.
8. Ukusetjenziswa kwawo
1. UmTlolo wamaLungelo wobuNtu lo usebenza kiwo woke umThetho begodu ubopha isiBethamthetho, isiGungu, iphiko lezobuLungiswa nazo zoke iinJamiso zomBuso.
2. Isiqalelelo somTlolo lo wamaLungelo wobuNtu sibopha umuntu wendabuko namkha womThetho nangabe, begodu nokufikela ezingeni lapha ukghona khona ukusebenza, ngokutjhejwa komhlobo welungelo begodu nomhlobo womsebenzi lowo onikelwa lilungelwelo.
3. Nakungenzeka usebenzise isiqalelelo somTlolo wamaLungelo wobuNtu emuntwni wendabuko namkha womthetho ngokuya kwesigatjana (2), ikhotho—
a. ukuze iphumelelise ilungelo elithileko elisemTlolweni, kumele isebenzise, namkha nangabe kunetlhogakalo, ithuthukise umThetho wesintu kuze kufike ezingeni lapha umThetho okukhulunywa ngawo ungasaphumelelisi khona ilungelwelo, begodu
b. kungenzeka bona ithuthukisa imilayo yomThetho wesintu ukurhunyeza ilungelo, kodwana nangabe ukurhunyezokho kukhambisana nesigaba 36(1).
4. Umuntu womThetho naye unelungelo lokufumana amalungelo asemTlolweni wamaLungelo wobuNtu ngokuya kwendlela etlhogwa lihlobelo lamalungelo begodu nehlobelo lomuntu womThetho.
9. Ukulingana
1. Boke abantu bayalingana phambi komThetho, begodu banelungelo lokuvikeleka kanye nokusizwa mThetho ngokulinganako.
2. Ukulingana kufaka hlangana ukuthabela amalungelo nepumelelo ngokuzeleko nangokulingana. Ukuthuthukisa ukufikeleleka kokulingana, imithetho begodu namanye amagadango ahlelelwe ukuvikela namkha ukuthuthukisa abantu, namkha iinqhema zabantu ebegade zidlelezelwe ngebanga lebandlululo elingasifeya.
3. Angekhe kwenzeka bona umBuso ubandlulule ngokungasifeya, bunqopha namkha ingasibunqopha nanyana ngubani ngombandela owodwa nakha ngaphezulu, ukufaka hlangana ukubandlulula ngokwebala, ngokobulili, ngokobana umuntu usidisi, utjhadile namkha akakatjhadi, ngokobuhlobo ngokobana umuntu udabuka kusiphi isitjhaba, ngokombala, ngokuzibandakanya nobulili obuthileko, ngeminyaka yobudala, ngokukhubazeka, ngokwekolo, unembeza, ikolelo, ngokwamasiko, ngokwelimi nango kubelethwa.
4. Akekho umuntu okungenzeka bona abandlululwe nginayana ngubani ngokungasifeya, bunqopha namkha awa, ngombandela owodwa nanyana ngaphezulu, ngokuya kwesigatjana (3). UmThetho wenarha wokuvimbela namkha wokujamisa ibandlulo elingasifeya kumele uphasiswe.
5. Ibandlululo ngebanga lombandela owodwa namkha ngaphezulu erheliswe kusigatjana (3) ayisifeya ngaphandle kobana kutholakale bona ibandlululweli kwamambala lifeya.
10. IsiThunzi SobuNtu
Omunye nomunye umuntu unesithunzi ngokwemvelo, begodu unelungelo lokobana isithunzi sakhe sihlonitjhwe besivikelwe.
11. Ipilo
Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokuphila.
12. Itjhaphuluko Nokuvikeleka Komuntu
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo letjhaphuluko nokuvikeleka okufaka hlangana ilungelo—
a. lokungadinywa itjhaphuluko ngokungasimthetho namkha ngaphandle kombandela ozwakalako;
b. lokungavalelwa ejele ngaphandle kokuvela ekhotho;
c. lokutjhaphuluka kiyo yoke imihlobo yenturhu kungaba ngevela emithonjeni yomphakathi namkha yangeqadi;
d. lokungatlhoriswa nanganyana ngiyiphi indlela; begodu
nelokungaphathwa namkha ajeziswe ngendlela esihluku, enganabuntu namkha eyehlisa isithunzi.
2. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokobana ubujamo bakhe bomzimba nebomkhumbulo bungathathelwa phasi, lokhu kufaka hlangana nelungelo—
a. lokuthatha isiqunto malungana nokubeletha;
b. lokuvikeleka nelelawulo ngemizimbabo; begodu
c. nelokungasetjenziselwa ukulingelela ukusebenza kwesihlahla namkha nanyana ngisiphi isisetjenziswa esiphathelene nezesayensi ngaphandle kwemvumakhe.
13. Ubugqila, Ukukatelelwa Ukuhlonipha Omunye Namkha Ukukatelelwa Ukusebenza
Akekho noyedwa umuntu ozakwenziwa isigqila, akatelelwe ukuhlonipha omunye namkha akatelelwe ukusebenza.
14. Ukuba Wedwa
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokungaphazanyiswa, lokhu kufaka hlangana nelungelo lokobana—
a. umzimbakhe namkha umuzakhe ungasetjhwa;
b. ipahlakhe ingasetjhwa;
c. ipahlakhe ingathathwa ngekani; namkha d. nekulumakhe ebuntumba ingacajelwa.
15. Itjhaphuluko Yekolo, Ikolelo Begodu Nombono
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo letjhaphuluko kanembeza, ikolo, ukucabanga, ikolelo begodu nokuveza umbono.
2. Iinkonzo zingabanjelwa eenjamisweni zombuso namkha eenjamisweni ezirhelejwa mbuso, nangabe—
a. iinkonzwezo zilandela imilayo yekambiso ebekwe ziimphathiswa zomphakathi ezifaneleko.
b. iinkonzwezo zikhanjiswa ngendlela efaneleko; begodu
c. nokuzikhambela kutjhaphulukile begodu akukakatelelwa.
3. a. Isigabesi asivimbeli umThetho owamukela—
i. imitjhado ephethwa ngananyana ngiliphi isiko, namkha irherho lekolo, ngokomThetho womndeni namkha womtjhadi; begodu
ii. amarherho womThetho womndeni newomtjhadi ngaphasi kwananyana ngiliphi isiko, namkha kungaba ngelabantu abalandela ikambiso yekolo ethileko.
4. Ukwamukelwa ngokuya kwepharagrafu (a) kumele kukhambisane nesigabesi begodu nezinye iinqalelelo zomThethosisekelo.
16. Itjhaphuluko Yokuveza Amazizo
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo letjhaphuluko yokuveza amazizwakhe, okufaka hlangana—
a. itjhaphuluko yamaphephandaba namanye amamidiya;
b. itjhaphuluko yokwamukela namkha ukudlulisa ilwazi namkha imibono;
c. itjhaphuluko yokuveza ikghono lokubumba nokusungula; begodu
d. netjhaphuluko yezokufunda begodu netjhaphuluko yokwenza irhubhululo elubusayensi.
2. Ilungelo elitjhiwo esigatjaneni (1) alifaki lokhu—
a. ukukhuluma ngendlela ephehla ipi;
b. ukutjala umoya ongabangela inturhu; namkha
c. ukuletha ukuhloyana okudzimelele ekuhlukakeni ngokwebala, ngokobuhlobo, ngokobulili, namkha ngokwekolo begodu lokho kuphehla inturhu engabangela ukulimala.
17. Ukubuthana, Ukutjhagala, Ukurhwanta Nokwethula Iinghonghoyilo
Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokubuthana, ukungenela ijima lokutjhagala, lokurhwanta nokwethula iinghonghoyilo ngaphandle kwenturhu neenkhali.
18. Itjhaphuluko Yokuhlanganyela
Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokuhlanganyela.
19. Amalungelo Wezombanganarha
1. Esinye nesinye isakhamuzi sitjhaphulukile bona singazikhethela esikufunako manqophana nezombanganarha, lokhu kufaka hlangana nelungelo loku—
a. sungula ihlangano yezombanganarha
b. zibandakanya emisebenzini yehlangano, namkha uyifunele ihlangano leyo amalunga, begodu
c. nokukhankasela ihlangano leyo yezombanganarha.
2. Esinye nesinye isakhamuzi sinelungelo lokungenela amakhetho atjhaphulukileko, afeya neza qobe ngemva kwesikhathi esithileko, wesinye nesinye isiBethamthetho esitlhanywe ngokuya komThethosisekelo.
3. Omunye nomunye umuntu omdala unelungelo—
a. lokuvowuda, emakhethweni wokuvowudela nanyana ngiliphi ibandla lesiBethamthetho, elitlhanywe ngokuya komThethosisekelo,begodu nokuvowuda buntumba; begodu
b. nokujamela ukuba ngunkhethani esikhundleni sokusebenzela umphakathi, nangabe kwenzekile bona ukhethwe, uphathe isikhundla sokusebenzela umphakathi.
20. Ubuzwe
Asikho isakhamuzi esingadinywa ubuzwe baso.
21. Itjhaphuluko Yokukhamba Nokuhlala Umathanda
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokukhamba ngokutjhaphuluka.
2. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokufuduka la eRiphabliki.
3. Esinye nesinye isakhamuzi sinelungelo lokungena, nokuhlala nanyana kukuphi la eRiphabliki.
4. Esinye nesinye isakhamuzi sinelungelo lokuba nepasipoti.
22. Itjhaphuluko Yokurhweba, Yesikhundla Somsebenzi Nebizelo
Ngokulawulwa mThetho, esinye nesinye isakhamuzi sinelungelo lokuzikhethela irhwebo, ukufumana isikhundla somsebenzi nokuba nebizelo.
23. Itjhebiswano Kezemisebenzi
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokuphathwa ngendlela efaneleko emsebenzini.
2. Esinye nesinye isisebenzi sinelungelo—
a. lokubumba nokujoyina iinhlangano zabasebenzi;
b. lokuzibandakanya emisebenzini nemahlelweni weenhlangano zabasebenzi; begodu
c. nelokunghala umsebenzi.
3. Omunye nomunye umqatjhi unelungelo—
a. lokubumba nokujoyina iinhlangano zabaqatjhi, begodu
b. nokuzibandakanya emisebenzini nemahlelweni weenhlangano zabaqatjhi.
4. Enye nenye ihlangano yabasebenzi begodu nenye nenye ihlangano yabaqatjhi inelungelo—
a. lokukhetha abaphathi, amahlelo nemisebenzawo;
b. lokuhlela; begodu
c. nelokubumba nokujoyina umfelandawonye.
5. Enye nenye ihlangano yabasebenzi, ihlangano yabaqatjhi begodu nomqatjhi banelungelo lokuzibandakanya eenkulumiswaneni zokubonisana. UmThetho wenarha ungabekwa ukulawula ikulumiswano yokubonisana. Kangangobana umThetho ungaqunta ilungelo eSahlukwenesi, ukuquntwa kumele kukhambisane nesigaba 36(1)
6. UmThetho weNarha ungamukela amalungiselelo wokuvikela iinhlangano amunyethwe eemvumelwaneni zebambiswano. Kangangobana umThetho ungaqunta eSahlukwenesi, ukuqunta kufanele kukhambisane nesigaba 36(1).
24. Ibhoduluko
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo—
a. lokuba sebhodulukweni engekhe lahlunguphaza ipilo nehlalakuhle yakhe; begodu
b. nokuba nebhoduluko elivikelekileko, ukwenzela bona kuzuze isizukulwana sakhathesi nesizako, ngokusetjenziswa komThetho ozwakalako namanye amagadango ahlelelwe—
i. ukuvimbela ukusilaphazeka kwebhoduluko nokurhurhuleka kwehlabathi
ii. ukukhuthaza ukutlhogonyelwa kwemvelo; begodu
iii. nokuqinisekisa ituthuko edzimeleleko nokusetjenziswa kuhle kwemithombo yemvelo, ngakelinye ihlangothi kuthuthukiswe ngokuqinisekisiweko zomnotho nezomphakathi.
25. Ipahla
1. Akakho umuntu ozakudinywa ipahla ngaphandle kwalokha kwenziwa ngokulandela umThetho osebenza ngokuvamileko, begodu awukho umThetho ongavumela bona umuntu adinywe ipahla ngokungasimthetho.
2. Ungamukwa ipahla kwaphela ngokuya komThetho osebenza ngokuvamileko—
a. nangabe kwenzelwa iindingo namkha iinrhuluphelo zomphakathi; begodu
b. ngokulawulwa kuliliswa ngemali, inani layo begodu nesikhathi nendlela ezakubhadelwa ngayo okungenzeka bona kuvunyelwane ngayo hlangana nalabo abathintekako namkha kuthathwe isiqunto namkha kuquntwe yikhotho.
3. Inani lemali yesililiso, isikhathi nendlela ezakubhadelwa ngayo kufanele kube ngelungileko nelinganako, etjengisa ukulinganiswa okufaneleko hlangana kweenrhuluphelo zomphakathi neenrhuluphelo zalabo abathintekako, begodu kutjhejwe yoke imibandela efaneleko, okufaka hlangana—
a. ukusetjenziswa kwepahla njenganje;
b. umlando wokutholakala nokusetjenziswa kwayo;
c. bona ingabiza malini nange ithengiswa;
d. izinga elinqophileko lokubulunga nokurhelebha kombuso ngeemali ekutholweni nekuthuthukisweni kwenani lenzuzo yepahla; begodu
e. nomnqopho wokwemukwa ipahla leyo.
4. Ngokomnqopho wesigabesi—
a. iinrhuluphelo zomphakathi zifaka hlangana isibopho sesitjhaba sokutjhugululwa kwenarha namatjhuguluko abonelela ukutholakala kwayo yoke imithombo yemvelo yeSewula Afrika; begodu
b. nokobana ipahla ayifaki hlangana inarha kwaphela.
5. Umbuso kumele ubeke umThetho begodu uthathe namagadango azwakalako ngaphakathi kwemithombo enayo, ukukatelela imibandela eyenza bona izakhamuzi zikghone ukuthola inarha ngendlela elinganako.
6. Umuntu namkha umphakathi lowo isikhathi sawo sokusebenzisa inarha esingakavikeleki ngokomThetho ngebanga lomThetho wangesikhathi sebandlululo obandlulula ngokwebala namkha izenzo, unelungelo ukufikela ezingeni elitjhiwo mThetho wePalamende, nofana isikhathi esivikelekileko ngokomThetho namkha ngokulungisa okumadanisekako.
7. Umuntu namkha umphakathi omukwe ipahla ngemva kwamhlana zili-19 kuMgwengweni 1913 ngebanga lomThetho wengesikhathi sebandlululo, obandlulula ngokwebala namkha izenzo, unelungelo ukufikela ezingeni elitjhiwo mThetho wePalamende, namkha ngokubuyiswa kwepahla leyo namkha ngokulungiswa ngendlela elinganako.
8. Asikho nesisodwa isiqalelelo sesigabesi esingavimbela umbuso ekuthatheni umThetho namanye amagadango ukwenzela bona bothole inarha, amanzi nokhunye okukhambelana namatjhuguluko la, ukuze kulungiseke imiphumela yebandlululo ngokwebala kwangesikhathi esadlulako, ngaphandle kwanyana ukutjhida okhunye nokhunye eenqalelelweni zesigabesi kukhambisana neenqalelelo zesigaba 36 (1).
9. IPalamende kumele imemezele umThetho otjhiwo esigatjaneni (6).
26. Zezindlu
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lekghono lokufunyanwa kwezindlu ngokwaneleko.
2. Umbuso kumele uthathe amagadango azwakalako womThetho namanye amagadango, ngokusemandleni wawo, ukukghonakalisa ngokupheleleko ilungelweli.
3. Akekho noyedwa ongakhutjhwa ngendlinakhe, namkha indlwakhe engabhidlizwa, ngaphandle kwencwadi yesigunyazo sekhotho eyenziwa emva kokutjhejwa kwawo woke amaphuzu aqakathekileko. Awukho nowodwa umThetho ongakuvumela bona umuntu akhutjhwe endlinakhe ngokungasimthetho.
27. Zamaphilo, Ukudla, Amanzi Begodu Nokuvikeleka Kwezehlalakhuhle
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lekghono lokufumana lokhu—
a. ukutlhogonyelwa kezamaphilo, okufaka hlangana ukutlhogonyelwa ngehlangothini lezokubeletha;
b. ukuthola ukudla okwaneleko namanzi ahlanzekileko; begodu
c. ukuvikeleka kwezehlalakuhle, okufaka hlangana, ukurhelejwa okufaneleko kwezehlalakuhle nangabe umuntu ubhalelwa kuzondla yena, nalabo okumele abondle.
2. Umbuso kumele uthathe amagadango afaneleko wangokomThetho namanye amagadango, ngokusebenzisa imithombo yawo ekhona, ukuphumelelisa elinye nelinye lamalungelo la.
3. Akakho noyedwa umuntu ongalelwa irhelebho elirhabako lokwelatjhwa.
28. Abantwana
1. Omunye nomunye umntwana unelungelo—
a. lokuba nebizo nobutjhaba kusukela nakabelethwako;
b. lokutlhogonyelwa bazali namkha mndeni; namkha ukuthola itlhogomelo elinye elifaneleko nangabe ususiwe emndeninakhe;
c. lokuthola ukudla okunezakhamzimba, indawo yokuhlala; ukwelatjhwa; begodu nokutjhejwa kwezehlalakuhle;
d. lokuvikelwa ekuphathweni kumbi; ukuninwa, ukuhlukunyezwa namkha ukwehliswa kwesithunzi sobuntu
e. lokuvikelwa ekusetjenzisweni mqatjhi ngokungakafaneli;
f. ukungafuneki namkha ukungakavunyelwa bona wenze umsebenzi othileko namkha unikele umsebenzi—
i. ongakalungeli umuntu oneminyaka elingana neyobudala bomntwana lowo; namkha
ii. obeka umntwana ngokwakhe ebudisini, ifundwakhe, ipilwakhe, ingqondo, umoyakhe, ukuziphatha begodu nekuzithuthukiseni kwakhe;
g. lokobana angabotjhwa ngaphandle kwanyana sele kungasekho elinye igadango lamaswaphelo, lapha ngaphezu kwamalungelo umntwana awatholako ngaphasi kwesigaba 12 nesama-35, umntwana angabotjhwa kwaphela isikhatjhana esifitjhani nesifaneleko begodu unelungelo loku—
i. hlukaniswa neembotjhwa ezingaphezulu kweminyaka eli-18; begodu
ii. phathwa ngaphasi kobujamo obufanele umntwana waleyo minyaka;
h. lokuba nomjameli wezomthetho obonelelwa mbuso, begodu nangeendleko zombuso kuleyo milandu yemibango ethinta umntwana loyo nangabe ukungakhambi kuhle komthetho kungahle kube khona; begodu
i. nelokungasetjenziswa kwakhe bunqopha lapha kunenturhu yeenkhali khona nokobana kumele avikeleke ngeenkhathi zenturhu yeenkhali.
2. Iinrhuluphelo zomntwana kuyinto eqakatheke khulu ezintweni zoke eziphathelene nomntwana.
3. Esigabenesi nakukhulunywa ngomntwana kutjhiwo umuntu oneminyaka engaphasi kweli-18 ubudala.
29. Ifundo
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo—
a. lokuthola ifundo esisekelo, okufaka hlangana nefundo esisekelo yabantu abadala; begodu
b. nelokuthola ifundo ephakemeko, okumele bona umbuso ngokuthatha amagadango afaneleko uyenze ibekhona beyikghone ukufumaneka begodu iragele phambili ngendlela okungakghonakala ngayo.
2. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokuthola ifundo ngelimi elisemthethweni namkha ngelimi azikhethela lona eenkhungweni zefundo ezingezomphakathi, lapha ifundo leyo inikelwa khona ngokuzwakalako. Ukwenzela bona kuqinisekiswe ikghono lokutholakala okunepumelelo kokusetjenziswa kwelungelweli, umbuso kumele uqalelele woke amagadango ahlukeneko wefundo, okufaka hlangana iinkhungo ezisebenzisa ilimi elilodwa, ukutjheja—
a. ukulingana
b. ikghonakalo; begodu
c. isidingo sokulungisa imiphumela yezenzo zemithetho yesikhathi esigadungileko ebandlulula ngokwebala.
3. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokusungula begodu agcine isikhungo sezefundo, asisekele ngeemali zakhe begodu sizijamele nangabe iinkhungo lezo—
a. azibandlululi ngokwebala;
b. zitlolisiwe embusweni; begodu
c. azikho ezingeni eliphasi nazimadaniswa nalezonkhungo zefundo ezilawulwa mphakathi.
4. Isigatjana (3) asivimbeli ukusizwa ngeemali mbuso kweenkhungo zefundo ezizijameleko.
30. Ilimi Namasiko
Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokusebenzisa ilimi nokudlala indima epilwenakhe yamasiko azikhethele yona, kodwana akekho noyedwa umuntu ozakuthi lokha nakasebenzisa amalungelwakhe, awasebenzise ngendlela engakhambisaniko yananyana ngisiphi isiqalelelo somTlolo wamaLungelo.
31. Imiphakathi Yangokwamasiko, Ikolo Nelimi
1. Abantu bomphakathi abakhambisanako ngokwamasiko, ikolo nelimi angeze badinywa ilungelo, namanye abantu womphakathi lowo, loku—
a. thabela isiko labo, benze ikolo yabo bebasebenzise ilimi labo, begodu
b. nokusungula, ukujoyina nokuraga iinhlangano zamasiko, ikolo nezamalimi, nezinye iinjamiso zomphakathi.
2. Amalungelo asesigatjaneni (1) angekhe asetjenziswa ngendlela engakhambisani nanoma ngisiphi isiqalelelo somTlolo wamaLungelo.
32. Ilungelo Lokuthola Ilwazi
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokuthola—
a. elinye nelinye ilwazi eliphethwe mbuso, begodu
b. nelinye nelinye ilwazi eliphethwe ngomunye umuntu okumele lisetjenziselwe namkha kuvikelwe nagalo nanyana ngimaphi amalungelo.
2. UmThetho wenarha kufanele umenyezelwe ukuphumelelisa ilungelweli begodu kungathathwa amagadango azwakalako ukwethula ubudisi bokuphatha nebeemali obuphezu kombuso.
33. Igadango Lekambiso Elungileko YezomThetho
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokuphathwa ngendlela esemthethweni, ezwakalako begodu nangekambiso elungileko.
2. Omunye nomunye umuntu amalungelwakhe athinteke kabuhlungu ngebanga legadango lekambiso, unelungelo lokunikelwa abonobangela balokho ngokutloliweko.
3. UmThetho wenarha kumele umenyezelwe ukuphumelelisa amalungelo la, begodu kumele—
a. unikele ukuhlolisiswa godu kwegadango lekambiso yikhotho namkha lapha kufaneleko, kungaba yikundla ezijameleko begodu nengathathi ihlangothi;
b. ubophelele umbuso bonyana uphumelelise amalungelo aseengatjaneni (1) no (2); begodu
c. uthuthukise ikghono lekambiso yezokuphatha.
34. Ilungelo Lokuya Ekhotho
Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokusa nanyana ngimuphi umbango ongararululwa yikhotho ngokusebenzisa umThetho, ulalelwe mphakathi ngaphambi kwekhotho, namkha lapha kufaneleko, ungasiwa kenye iforamu ezijameleko engathathi ihlangothi.
35. Abantu Ababotjhiweko, Abavalelweko Begodu Nabamangalelweko
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu obotjhiweko ngebanga lokusolelwa bonyana wenze umlandu unelungelo—
a. lokuzithulela;
b. lokutjelwa msinyana—
i. ngelungelo lakhe lokuzithulela; begodu
ii. ayeleliswe ngokungenzeka nakangazithuleliko;
c. lokungakatelelwa bonyana avume akwenzileko, ngombana lokho kungahle kusetjenziswe njengobufakazi obumbophelelako;
d. lokuvela ekhotho msinya ngokungakghonakalako, kodwana kungabi ngemva—
i. kwama-iri ama-40 ngemva kokubotjhwa; namkha
i. kokuphela kwelanga lokuthoma lekhotho emva kokudlula kwama-iri ama-48, nangabe ama–iri ama-48 aphela ngaphandle kwama-iri wekhotho ejayelekileko namkha ngelanga okungasilo elijayelekileko lekhotho;
e. lokobana ekuveleni kokuthoma phambi kwekhotho emva kokubotjhwa, athweswe umlandu namkha atjelwe ibanga lokwelulwa kwesikhathi sakhe sokuvalelwa, namkha atjhatjhululwe; begodu
f. lokutjhatjhululwa ejele nangabe imibandela yomThetho iyavuma, ngokulawulwa bujamo obuzwakalako.
2. Omunye nomunye umuntu obotjhiweko, okufaka hlangana esinye nesinye isibotjhwa esele sigwetjiwe, sinelungelo—
a. lokobana sitjelwe bonyana sibotjhelweni;
b. lokukhetha, nokuthintana nomjameli womthetho begodu sitjelwe msinya ngalelilungelo;
c. lokubonelelwa ngomjameli womthetho okhonjwe mbuso begodu nangeendleko zombuso nangabe kunekghonakalo lokobana ubulungiswa obuphathekako bubekhona begodu kumele sitjelwe msinya ngelungelweli;
d. lokuyokumangala ekhotho, simangalele ukwazi bona ukubotjhwa kwaso kusemthethweni nayana awa, nangabe ukubotjhwa kwaso akukho emthethweni, sitjhatjhululwe
e. lokuvalelwa ngaphasi kobujamo obukhambisana nesithunzi sobuntu, okufaka hlangana okungasenani ngokunikela indawo eyaneleko yokuhlala, ukudla okwakha umzimba, iincwadi zokufunda, kanye nokwelatjhwa ngeendleko zombuso; begodu
f. nelokuthintana, nokuvakatjhelwa ngilaba abalandelako—
i. ngowakwakhe namkha umlingani;
ii. iinhlobo;
iii. uMeluleki wezekolo okhethwe nguye, begodu
iv. noDorhodere okhethwe nguye.
3. Omunye nomunye ummangalelwa unelungelo lokugwetjwa ngendlela efaneleko, okufaka hlangana ilungelo—
a. lokwaziswa ngomlandu abekwe wona, anikelwe nemininingwana ngokunabileko ukwenzela bona akghone ukuziphendulela emlandwini loyo;
b. lokuthola isikhathi esaneleko neenkghonakalisi ezaneleko angazisebenzisa ekuzivikeleni;
c. lokugwetjwa ekhotho yomthetho ojwayelekileko nevulelwe umphakathi;
d. lokulalelwa komlandwakhe kuthonywe bekuqedwe ngaphandle kokuriyada okungazwakaliko;
e. lokubakhona lokha nakugwetjwa umlandwakhe;
f. lokukhetha begodu nokobana ajanyelwe mjameli womthetho begodu atjelwe ngelungelweli msinyana;
g. lokubonelelwa ngomjameli womthetho ozakubhadelwa mbuso lokha nakubonakala bona kungaba nokungakhanjiswa ngokulungileko komlandu, begodu aziswe ngelungelwelo msinyana;
h. lokuthathwa ngokobana akanamlandu, azithulele, begodu nokobana angafakazi lokha nakugwetjwako;
i. lokuthula ubufakazi nokuphikisa ubufakazi obuthuliweko;
j. lokungakakatelelwa ukwethula ubufakazi obumbophako;
k. lokugwetjwa ngelimi alizwisisako, namkha lokho nakungakghonakaliko, atologelwe ngelimi alizwako;
l. lokungagwetjelwa isenzo namkha ukungakenzi okugade kungasimlandu ngaphasi komthetho wenarha namkha umthetho weentjhabatjhaba ngesikhathi lokho nakwenzekako namkha kungenzeki;
m. lokungagwetjwa ngomlandu omayelana nesenzo namkha lokho okwatjhiywako lapha umutnu afunyanwa anganamlandu namkha afunyanwa bona umlandu;
n. lokuba nethuba lokubethwa ngeswazi elincani lokha nangabe isigwebo esibekiweko sitjhugululwe hlangana nesikhathi umlandu owenziwe ngaso nesikhathi sokugwetjwa; begodu
o. nelokwenza isibawo bona umlandwakhe ubuyekezwe namkha uhlolisiswe yikhotho engaphezulu.
4. Nanganyana ngisiphi isikhathi lapha isigabesi sifuna khona bona umbiko utjelwe umuntu; umbiko lowo kumele unikelwe ngelimi lelo umuntu loyo alizwisisako.
5. Ubufakazi obutholakele ngendlela ephikisana nanyana ngiliphi ilungelo elingaphakathi komTlolo lo wamaLungelo wobuNtu kumele bulahlwe, nangabe ukwamukelwa kobufakazobo kungenza bona ukugwetjwa komlandu lowo kube ngokungakalungi namkha ngendlela ethile kungakhubaza ikambiso yezobulungiswa.
36. Ukurhunyezwa Kwamalungelo
1. Amalungelo angaphakathi komTlolo wamaLungelo wobuNtu angarhunyezwa kwaphela ngokuya komThetho osebenza ngendlela evamileko ukufikela lapha ukurhunyezwa kwawo kuzwakala begodu kufaneleko emphakathini ovulekileko nophethe ngentando yesitjhaba edzimele phezu kokuhlonitjhwa kwesithunzi sobuntu, ukulingana netjhaphuluko, kutjhejwe nawo woke amaphuzu afaneleko, okufaka hlangana—
a. umhlobo welungelwelo;
b. ukuqakatheka komnqopho werhunyezwelo;
c. umhlobo nobungako berhunyezo;
d. ubuhlobo phakathi kwerhunyezo nomnqophalo; begodu
nendlela enegandelelo elirhunyeziweko yokuphumelelisa umnqopho.
2. Ngaphandle kwalokho okutjhiwo esigatjaneni (1) namkha kunanyana ngisiphi isiqalelelo somThethosisekelo, awukho umThetho ongarhunyeza nanyana ngiliphi ilungelo elibonelelwe ngaphakathi komTlolo wamaLungelo wobuNtu.
37. UmThetho Wobujamo Oburhabileko
1. UmThetho wobujamo oburhabileko ungamenyezelwa kwaphela ngokuya komThetho wepalamende begodu kwaphela nangabe—
a. ipilo yesitjhaba isengozini yokuthuselwa ngepi, ukusahlelwa, ukuvukela umbuso, irawurawu, umonakalo omkhulu ngenarheni namkha kunento erhabileko emphakathini; begodu
b. nesimemezelo somThethweso siyatlhogeka ekubuyisweni kokuthula nokuthotjelwa komThetho.
2. Ukumenyezelwa komThetho wobujamo oburhabileko, begodu nomunye nomunye umThetho omenyezelweko, namkha elinye nelinye igadango elithethweko ngokulandela ukumenyezelwa komThetho lo, lingathoma ukusebenza kwaphela nangabe—
a. lithoma ukusebenza ngelanga elimenyezelwe ngalo, begodu
b. kungadluli amalanga ama-21 ukusukela ngelanga elimenyezelwe ngalo, ngaphandle kwanyana isiBethamthetho seNarha sithatha isiqunto sokwengeza isimemezelweso ngesikhathi esingadluli eenyangeni ezintathu esikhathini esisodwa. Ukungezelela kwamathomo kokumenyezelwa komThetho wobujamo oburhabileko kumele kube ngendlela yesiqunto esamukelwe linengi lamalunga wesiBethamthetho seNarha. Esinye nesinye isiqunto esithethwe ngokuya kwendima le, kumele samukelwe kwaphela ngokusekelwa ngamavowudu amaphesenthi ama-60 wamalunga wesiBethamthetho seNarha. Isiqunto ngokuya kwepharagrafu le singamukelwa kwaphela ngokulandela iinkulumopikiswano zomphakathi ezibanjwe ngaphakathi kwesiBethamthetho seNarha.
3. Enye nenye ikhotho enamandla ingaqinisekisa ngokuba semthethweni—
a. kwesimemezelo somThetho wobujamo oburhabileko;
b. kokhunye nokhunye ukwengezelelwa kwesikhathi somThetho wobujamo oburhabileko; namkha
c. komunye nomunye umThetho ophasisiweko namkha elinye igadango elithethweko, ngebanga lesimemezelo somThetho wobujamo oburhabileko.
4. Omunye nomunye umThetho ophasiswe ngokulandela isimemezelo somThetho wobujamo oburhabileko ungaphikisana nomTlolo wamaLungelo wobuNtu ukufikela kwaphela lapha—
a. ukuphikisanokho nanyana kunjani kutlhogwa khona khulu bujamo oburhabileko; begodu
b. namuThetho loyo—
i. ngokukhambisana neembopho zeRiphabliki le ngaphasi komThetho weentjhabatjhaba osetjenziswa ngeenkhathi zomThetho wobujamo oburhabileko;
ii. ukukhambisana nesigatjana (5); begodu
iii. ukhutjhwe kuGazede kaRhulumende ngokurhabeka okungakghonakalako emva kokuphasiswa kwawo.
5. Awukho umThetho wePalamende ogunyaza isimemezelo somThetho wobujamo oburhabileko begodu awukho umThetho ophasisiweko namkha elinye igadango elithethweko ngokulandela isimemezelweso, ongavumela namkha ugunyaze—
a. ukubhadelwa kombuso namkha omunye nomunye umuntu manqophana nesinye nesinye isenzo esingekho emthethweni;
b. okhunye nokhunye okuphikisana okuvela esigabenesi; namkha
c. okhunye nokhunye okuphikisana okuvela esigabeni esitjhiwo kukholomu 1 yeHlelo lamaLungelo angeze aQalelwa Phasi ukufikela ezingeni elimaqophana nesigaba esikukholomu 3 weHlelo.
Ihlelo Lamalungelo Angeze Aqalelwa Phasi
| Inomboro yesigaba |
Isihloko sesigaba |
Izinga ilungelo elivikeleke ngalo |
|---|---|---|
| 9 |
Ukulingana |
Manqophana nokubandlulula okungakafaneli kwaphela ngemibandela ephathelene nobuhlanga, umbala, ubuzwe namkha imvelaphi, ubulili, ikolo, namkha ilimi |
| 10 |
IsiThunzi sobuNtu |
Ngokupheleleko |
| 11 |
Ipilo |
Ngokupheleleko |
| 12 |
ITjhaphuluko nokuVikeleka komuntu |
Manqophana neengatjana (1)(d) kanye no-(e) kanye no-2(c) |
| 13 |
Ubugqila, ukukatelewa ukuhlonipha nokusebenza |
Manqophana nobugqila nokukatelelwa ukuhlonipha nokuberega |
| 28 |
Abantwana |
Manqophana: – isigatjana (1)(d) begodu no-(e); |
| 35 |
Abantu ababotjhiweko, abavalelweko begodu nabamangalelweko |
Manqophana: - nesigatjana (1)(a), (b), (c) begodu no-2(d) |
6. Lokha omunye nomunye umuntu avalelwa ngaphandle kokugwetjwa ngebanga lokudinywa amalungelo okusukela ekumenyezelweni komThetho wobujamo oburhabileko, imibandela elandelako kumele itjhejwe:
a. Ilunga lomndeni elimumuntu omdala namkha umngani womuntu obotjhiweko kumele lithintwe msinyana ngendlela okungakghonakala ngayo, laziswe ngokubotjhwa komuntu loyo.
b. Isaziso kumele sikhangiswe eGazedeni kaRhulumende weNarha kungakapheli isikhathi esimalanga amahlanu umuntu lowo abotjhiwe, kuvezwe ibizo lomuntu loyo obotjhiweko, indawo avalelwe kiyo begodu kuhlathululwe namagadango arhabileko abotjhwe ngaphasi kwawo.
c. Isibotjhwa, kumele sivunyelwe ukuzikhethela uDorhodere begodu asivakatjhele nanyana kungasiphi isikhathi esizwakalako.
d. Isibotjhwa, kumele sivunyelwe ukuzikhethela umjameli womThetho begodu asivakatjhele nanyana kungasiphi isikhathi esizwakalako.
e. Ikhotho, kumele ihlolisise ukubotjhwa kwesibotjhwa msinyana ngendlela okungakghonakala ngayo, kungakadluli amalanga ali-10 kusukela ngelanga abotjhwa ngalo begodu, ikhotho kumele itjhaphulule isibotjhweso ngaphandle kwalokha nangabe kunetlhogakalo lokobana ukubotjhwa kwakhe kuragele phambili ngomnqopho wokubuyisa ukuthula nokuthotjelwa komThetho.
f. Isibotjhwa esingakatjhatjhululwa ngokuya kwesibuyekezo sevalelo esingaphasi kwepharagrafu (e), namkha esingakatjhatjhululwa ngokuya kwesibuyekezo sevalelo esingaphasi kwepharagrafu le, singenza isibawo ekhotho bona kubuyekezwe godu ivalelo laso kwesinye nesinye isikhathi emva kwamalanga ali-10 kudlulile ukubuyekezwa kwevalelo laso, begodu nekhotho kumele itjhaphulule isibotjhwa ngaphandle kwalokha nangabe kunetlhogakalo lokobana ukubotjhwa kwakhe kuragele phambili ngomnqopho wokubuyisa ukuthula nokuthotjelwa komThetho.
g. Isibotjhwa kumele sivunyelwe ukuvela mathupha ngaphambi kwananyana ngiyiphi ikhotho etjheje ukubotjhwa kwaso, nokobana ajanyelwe mjameli womThetho ekulalelweni komlandwakhe, begodu nokuvikelwa ekurageleni phambili kokuvalelwa kwaso.
h. Umbuso kumele wethule abonobangela abatlolwe phasi phambi kwekhotho ukuqinisekisa ukuragela phambili kokuvalelwa kwesibotjhweso, begodu kumele unikele isibotjhweso ikhophi yabonobangela bokubotjhwa kwaso okungasenani amalanga amabili ngaphambi kobana ikhotho ibuyekeze ivalelo laso.
7. Nangabe ikhotho itjhaphulula isibotjhwa, umuntu loyo angeze abotjhwa godu ngaphasi kwabonobangela abafanako ngaphandle kwalokha umbuso ungathoma ngokukhombisa ngaphandle kokurhiniza ukuqakatheka kokubotjhwa komuntu lowo godu.
8. Iingatjana (6) nese-(7) azisebenzi ebantwini abangasizo izakhamuzi zeSewula Afrika begodu abavalelwe ngemibandela yenturhu yeentjhabatjhaba yeenkhali. Kuhlekuhle, umbuso kumele ukhambisane namazinga lawo abopha iRiphabliki ngaphasi komThetho wobuntu weentjhabatjhaba, manqophana nokuvalelwa kwabantu abafana nalabo.
38. Ukukatelelwa Kwamalungelo
1. Omunye nomunye umuntu orheliswe esigabenesi, unelungelo lokwenza isibawo ekhotho enegunya, atjho bona ilungelo elimunyethwe emTlolweni wamaLungelo wobuNtu liphuliwe namkha lithuselwe begodu ikhotho ingaphana ngerhelebho elifaneleko okufaka hlangana nokwenziwa kwesimemezelo samalungelo wobuntu. Abantu abangenza isibawo ekhotho ngilaba—
a. omunye nomunye umuntu owenza ngokweenrhuluphelo zakhe;
omunye nomunye umuntu owenza isibawo esikhundleni somunye ongakghoniko ukuzenzela ngebizo lakhe;
b. omunye nomunye umuntu owenza lokho njengelunga, namkha oraga iinrhuluphelo zesiqhema sabantu namkha kungaba ziinrhuluphelo zabantu besiqhema esithileko;
c. omunye nomunye owenza isibawo ngeenrhuluphelo zomphakathi; begodu
d. nehlangano eyenza isibawo ngeenrhuluphelo zamalungayo.
39. Ukuhlathululwa KomTlolo WamaLungelo WobuNtu
1. Lokha nakuhlathululwa umTlolo wamaLungelo wobuNtu enye nenye ikhotho, ikundla namkha iforamu—
a. kumele yenyuse izinga lamagugu asekela umphakathi ovulekileko newentando yenengi edzimelele phezu kwesithunzi sobuntu, ukulingana nekululeko;
b. kumele itjheje umthetho weentjhabatjhaba; begodu
c. ingatjheja nomthetho weenarha zangaphandle.
2. Lokha nayihlathulula omunye nomunye umThetho, begodu nalokha nayithuthukisa umThetho wesintu namkha enye nenye ikhotho, ikundla namkha iforamu kumele yenyuse izinga lommoya, itjisakalo neminqopho yomTlolo wamaLungelo wobuNtu.
3. UmTlolo wamaLungelo wobuNtu awuvimbeli ukubakhona kwamanye amalungelo namkha itjhaphuluko elamukelekileko nelenziwa ngokomThetho wesintu, namkha umThetho omenyezelweko, ukufikela ezingeni lapha akhambisana khona nomTlolo lowo.