Kimigayo

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Kimigayo (ja. 君が代, pron. [kʲimʲiɡa̠ꜜjo̞] "kee-mee-gah-yoh"; "His Imperial Majesty's Reign") is the national anthem of Japan, adopted on 13 August 1999. The lyrics are based on a Heian-era waka poem and the music was composed by Yoshiisa Oku and Akimori Hayashi, and arranged by Franz Eckert in 1880.[1]

It is one of the shortest anthems and contains the world's oldest lyrics to date.

History[edit]

From 1888 to 1945 "Kimigayo" served as the national anthem of the Empire of Japan. After WWII, the empire collapsed following the successor State of Japan, "Kimigayo" was then retained as de facto, then official in 1999 after the Act on National Flag and Anthem.

Lyrics[edit]

Official (Kanji/Kana) Kana (Hiragana) Rōmaji IPA transcription English translation Poetic translation
(by the Basil Hall Chamberlain)
~ 君が代 ~
Kimigayo

君が代は
千代に八千代に
細(さざれ)石の
巌(いわお)となりて
苔(こけ)の生す迄(まで)[2]

きみがよは
ちよにやちよに
さざれいしの
いわおとなりて
こけのむすまで[3]

Kimigayo wa
Chiyo ni yachiyo ni
Sazare-ishi no
Iwao to narite
Koke no musu made[4]

[kʲi.mʲi.ɡa̠.jo̞ ɰᵝa̠]
[t͡ɕi.jo̞ ɲ̟i ja̠.t͡ɕi.jo̞ ɲ̟i]
[sa̠.za̠.ɾe̞.i.ɕi no̞]
[i.ɰᵝa̠.o̞ to̞ na̠.ɾʲi.te̞]
[ko̞.ke̞ no̞ mɯ̟ᵝ.sɨᵝ ma̠.de̞]

May your reign
Continue for a thousand, eight thousand generations,
Until the pebbles
Grow into boulders
Lush with moss[5]

Thousands of years of happy reign be thine;
Rule on, my lord, until what are pebbles now
By ages united to mighty rocks shall grow
Whose venerable sides the moss doth line.[6]

In other scripts[edit]

These are adopted scripts which are not (and have never been) officially used to write Japanese.

Cyrillization of Japanese[edit]

Polivanov (Russian) Japonskij Vukovica Alternate phonetic Cyrillization Ukrainian Cyrillization

Кимигаё ва
Тиё ни ятиё ни
Сазарэ-иси но
Ивао то наритэ
Кокэ но мусу мадэ

Кімігајо ва
Ћіјо ні јаћіјо ні
Сазаре-іҫі но
Ивао то наріте
Коке но мусу маде[7]

Кимигаё ва
Чиё ни ячиё ни
Сазарэ-иши но
Ивао то наритэ
Кокэ но мысы мадэ

кімі ґа йо ва
чійо ні ячійо ні
садзаре іші но
івао то наріте
коке но мусу маде

Alternate Romanizations[edit]

Gaj's Romaji Common Turkic Alphabet (Turkish Romaji) Pinyin (Chinese Romaji) Latino Romaji Magyar Romaji Malay-Indonesian

Kimigajo va
Čijo ni jačijo ni
Sazare-iši no
Ivao to narite
Koke no musu made

Kimigayo va
Çiyo ni yaçiyo ni
Sazare-işi no
İvao to narite
Koke no musu made

Kimigayo wa
Qiyo ni yaqiyo ni
Sazare-ixi no
Iwao to narite
Koke no musu made

Quimigayo wa
Chiyo ni yachiyo ni
Sazare ixi no
Ivao to narite
Coque no musu made

Kimigajo va
Csijo ni jacsijo ni
Szazare isi no
Ivao to narite
Koke no muszu made

Kimigayo wa
Ciyo ni yaciyo ni
Sazare-isyi no
Iwao to narite
Koke no musu made

Hangulization[edit]

기미가요와
지요니야치요니
사자레이시노
이와오토나리테
고케노무스마데

Thai transliteration[edit]

คิมิ งา โยะ วา
จิโย นิ ยาจิโย นิ
ซาซาเร อิชิ โนะ
อิวาโอ โท นาริเทะ
โคเก โนะ มูซู มาเดะ

Lao transliteration[edit]

ຄິມິ ງາ ໂຍະ ວາ
ຈິໂຍະ ນິ ຍາຈິໂຍ ນິ
ຊາຊາເຣ ອິຊິ ໂນະ
ອິວາໂອະ ໂທ ນາຣິເທະ
ໂຄເກ ໂນະ ມຸຊຸ ມາເດະ

Khmer transliteration[edit]

គីមីហ្គាយ៉ុវ៉ះ
ឈីយ៉ុនិ យ៉ាឈីយ៉ុនិ
សាហ្សារេ អ៊ីស្ស៊ីណុ
អ៊ីវ៉ាក់អុ តុ ណារីទេ
ខូខេណុ មុស៊ុម៉ាដិ

Devanagarization[edit]

किमि-गा यो वा
चियो-नि याचियो-नि
साज़ारे-इशि-नो
इवा-ओ तो नारिते
कोके नो मूसू मादे

Tamilization[edit]

கிமிஙாயொ வா
சீயொ நி யாசீயோ நி
ஸாட்சாரெ-இஷி நொ
இவாஓ தொ நாரித்தே
கோகே நொ மூசு மாதே

Bengalization[edit]

কিমিগায়ো ওয়া
চিয়োনি ইয়াচিয়োনি
সাজারে ইশি নো
ইওয়াও তো নারিতে
কোকে নো মুসু মাদে

Arabization[edit]

Arabic script Urdu script

كيمي غا يو وا
ياتشي-يو ني
سازاريه إيشي نو
أيوا أوتو ناريتيه
كوكي نو موسو مادي

کی-می گائیووا
چی یو-نی یاچی یو-نی
سازارے-اِشی-نو
اِوا-او تو نا ری تو
کوکے نو موسو مادے

Hellenization[edit]

Κιμιγαιο βα
Τζιιο νι ιατζιιο νι
Σαζαρε-ισι νο
Ιβαο το ναριτε
Κοκε νο μυσυ μαδε

Georgianization[edit]

კიმიგაჲო ვა
ჩიჲო ნი ჲაჩიჲო ნი
საძარე-იში ნო
ივაო ტო ნარიტე
კოკე ნო მუსუ მადე

Armenianization[edit]

Կիմիգայո ւա
Ճիյո նի յաճիյո նի
Սազարե-իշի նո
Իւաօ տո նարիտե
Կոկե նո մուսու մադե

Hebraization[edit]

קִימִי גַא יוֹ וַּא
צִ'יוֹ נִי יַאצִ'יוֹ נִי
סַאזַארֶה אִישִׁי נוֹ
אִיוַּאוֹ טוֹ נַארִיטֶה
קוֹקֶה נוֹ מוּסוּ מַאדֶה

References[edit]

  1. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20111227000629/http://nationalanthems.me/japan-kimigayo/
  2. ↑ http://law.e-gov.go.jp/htmldata/H11/H11HO127.html
  3. ↑ http://law.e-gov.go.jp/htmldata/H11/H11HO127.html
  4. ↑ https://web-japan.org/factsheet/en/pdf/11NFlagAnthem.pdf
  5. ↑ Hood, Christopher (2001). Japanese Education Reform: Nakasone's Legacy. Routledge. p. 166. ISBN 978-0-415-23283-8. Retrieved 2010 October 13.
  6. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20100428014321/http://www.yu.emb-japan.go.jp/Srpski/UpoznajteJapan-PolitikaEkonomija.htm
  7. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Yhynerson1/sandbox&oldid=762401023#Japanese_Cyrillic
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