Aegukga

Aegukga (ko. 애국가, pronounced [ɛ̝.guk̚.ga̠], "eh-gook-gah"; "The Patriotic Song") is the national anthem of South Korea. It was adopted in 1948, when the Republic was founded. The music was composed by Ahn Eak-tai in 1935 and its lyrics date back to the late 19th century.

The anthem became a public domain song in 2005 when the composer's widow and her family relinquished all rights to the anthem to the government.^[1]

History[edit]

At first, its music was to resemble that of the Scottish song "Auld Lang Syne", until someone decided it was time to compose a new melody.^[2] Before the establishment of the Republic of Korea, the song's lyrics—with the music of "Auld Lang Syne"—was used as the national anthem of the Korean exile government during the period of Occupation by Japanese imperialists.

Lyrics[edit]

Korean original[edit]

Hangul	Hangul and Hanja	Revised Romanization	IPA transcription
First verse
동해 물과 백두산이 마르고 닳도록 하느님이 보우하사 우리나라 만세.	東海 물과 白頭山이 마르고 닳도록 하느님이 保佑하사 우리나라 萬歲.	Donghae mulgwa Baekdusani mareugo daltorok Haneunimi bouhasa urinara manse.	[to̞ŋɦɛ̝muɭgwa̠ pɛ̝k̚t͈usʰa̠ni ma̠ɾɯgo̞ ta̠ɭtʰo̞ɾo̞k̚] [ha̠nɯnimi po̞uɦa̠sʰa̠ uɾina̠ɾa̠ ma̠nsʰe̞]
Refrain
무궁화 삼천리 화려강산 대한 사람, 대한으로 길이 보전하세.	無窮花三千里華麗江山大韓 사람, 大韓으로 길이 保全하세.	Mugunghwa samcheolli hwaryeo gangsan Daehan saram, daehaneuro giri bojeonhase.	[muɡuŋβwa̠ sʰa̠mt͡ɕʰʌ̹ɭʎi hwa̠ɾjʌ̹ ka̠ŋsʰa̠n] [tɛ̝ɦa̠n sʰa̠ɾa̠m, tɛ̝ɦa̠nɯɾo̞ kiɾi po̞d͡ʑʌ̹nɦa̠sʰe̞]
Second verse
남산 위에 저 소나무 철갑을 두른 듯 바람서리 불변함은 우리 기상일세.	南山 위에 저 소나무 鐵甲을 두른 듯 바람서리 不變함은 우리 氣像일세.	Namsan wie jeo sonamu cheolgabeul dureun deut Baram seori bulbyeonhameun uri gisang-ilse.	[na̠msʰa̠n ɥie̞ t͡ɕʌ̹ sʰo̞na̠mu t͡ɕʰʌ̹ɭga̠bɯɭ tuɾɯn tɯt̚] [pa̠ɾa̠m sʰʌ̹ɾi puɭbjʌ̹nɦa̠mɯn uɾi kisʰa̠ŋiɭsʰe̞]
Refrain
무궁화 삼천리 화려강산 대한 사람, 대한으로 길이 보전하세.	無窮花三千里華麗江山大韓 사람, 大韓으로 길이 保全하세.	Mugunghwa samcheolli hwaryeo gangsan Daehan saram, daehaneuro giri bojeonhase.	[muɡuŋβwa̠ sʰa̠mt͡ɕʰʌ̹ɭʎi hwa̠ɾjʌ̹ ka̠ŋsʰa̠n] [tɛ̝ɦa̠n sʰa̠ɾa̠m, tɛ̝ɦa̠nɯɾo̞ kiɾi po̞d͡ʑʌ̹nɦa̠sʰe̞]
Third verse
가을 하늘 공활한데 높고 구름 없이 밝은 달은 우리 가슴 일편단심일세.	가을 하늘 空豁한데 높고 구름 없이 밝은 달은 우리 가슴 一片丹心일세.	Ga-eul haneul gonghwalhande nopgo gureum eopsi Balgeun dareun uri gaseum ilpyeondansimilse.	[ka̠ɯɭ ha̠nɯɭ ko̞ŋhwa̠ɭɦa̠nde̞ no̞p̚k͈o̞ kuɾɯm ʌ̹p̚ɕ͈i] [pa̠ɭgɯn ta̠ɾɯn uɾi ka̠sʰɯm iɭpʰjʌ̹nda̠nɕʰimiɭsʰe̞]
Refrain
무궁화 삼천리 화려강산 대한 사람, 대한으로 길이 보전하세.	無窮花三千里華麗江山大韓 사람, 大韓으로 길이 保全하세.	Mugunghwa samcheolli hwaryeo gangsan Daehan saram, daehaneuro giri bojeonhase.	[muɡuŋβwa̠ sʰa̠mt͡ɕʰʌ̹ɭʎi hwa̠ɾjʌ̹ ka̠ŋsʰa̠n] [tɛ̝ɦa̠n sʰa̠ɾa̠m, tɛ̝ɦa̠nɯɾo̞ kiɾi po̞d͡ʑʌ̹nɦa̠sʰe̞]
Fourth verse
이 기상과 이 맘으로 충성을 다하여 괴로우나 즐거우나 나라 사랑하세.	이 氣像과 이 맘으로 忠誠을 다하여 괴로우나 즐거우나 나라 사랑하세.	I gisanggwa i mameuro chungseong-eul dahayeo Goerouna jeulgeouna nara saranghase.	[i kisʰa̠ŋgwa̠ i ma̠mɯɾo̞ t͡ɕʰʌ̹ŋsʰʌ̹ŋɯɭ ta̠ɦa̠jʌ̹] [køɾo̞una̠ t͡ɕɯɭgʌ̹una̠ na̠ɾa̠ sʰa̠ɾa̠ŋɦa̠sʰe̞]
Refrain
무궁화 삼천리 화려강산 대한 사람, 대한으로 길이 보전하세.	無窮花三千里華麗江山大韓 사람, 大韓으로 길이 保全하세.	Mugunghwa samcheolli hwaryeo gangsan Daehan saram, daehaneuro giri bojeonhase.	[muɡuŋβwa̠ sʰa̠mt͡ɕʰʌ̹ɭʎi hwa̠ɾjʌ̹ ka̠ŋsʰa̠n] [tɛ̝ɦa̠n sʰa̠ɾa̠m, tɛ̝ɦa̠nɯɾo̞ kiɾi po̞d͡ʑʌ̹nɦa̠sʰe̞]

Translations[edit]

In English[edit]

Until that day when Mt. Baekdu is worn away and the East Sea's waters run dry,
May God protect and preserve our country!

Refrain:
Hibiscus and three thousand ri full of splendid mountains and rivers;
Great Koreans, to the Great Korean way, stay always true!

As the pine atop Namsan Peak stands firm, unchanged through wind and frost,
as if wrapped in armour, so shall our resilient spirit.

Refrain

The autumn skies are void and vast, high and cloudless;
the bright moon is like our heart, undivided and true.

Refrain

With this spirit and this mind, let us give all loyalty,
in suffering or joy, to love our nation.

Refrain

Other transliterations[edit]

These are adopted scripts which are not (and have never been) officially used to write Korean.

Common Turkic Alphabet	Based on Thai RTGS/ALA-LC and Vietnamese	Koryo-mar Cyrillization	Russian Cyrillization	Ukrainian Cyrillization
Doñhəmulgwa bəkdusani marıgo daltorok Hanınimi bouhasa urinara manse. Hulyăm: Muguñhwa samçălli hwaryă gañsan Dəhan saram, dəhanıro giri bocănhase. Namsan wie că sonamu çălgabıl durın dıt Baram sări bulbyănhamın uri gisañilse. Hulyăm Gaıl hanıl goñhwalhande nopgo gurım ăpsi Balgın darın uri gasım ilpyăndansimilse. Hulyăm I gisañgwa i mamıro çuñsăñıl dahayă Görouna cılgăuna nara sarañhase. Hulyăm^[3]	Tonghæmulgwa pæktusani marưgo taltorok Hanưnimi pouhasa urinara manse. Hulyơm: Mugunghwa samchơlli hwaryơ kangsan Tæhan saram, tæhanưro kiri pojơnhase. Namsan wie cơ sonamu chơlgabưl turưn tưt Param sơri pulbyơnhamưn uri kisangilse. Hulyơm Kaưl hanưl konghwalhande nopko kurưm ơpsi Palgưn tarưn uri kasưm ilpyơndansimilse. Hulyơm I kisanggwa i mamưro chungsơng'ưl tahayơ Kœrouna cưlgơuna nara saranghase. Hulyơm^[4]	Доҥхәмулгва бәкдусани марыго далторок Ханыними боухаса уринара мансе. Хулјъм: Мугуҥхва самчърли хварјъ гаҥсан Дәхан сарам, дәханыро гири боџънхасе. Намсан вие џъ сонаму чългабыл дурын дыт Барам съри булбјънхамын ури гисаҥилсе. Хулјъм Гаыл ханыл гоҥхвалханде нопго гурым ъпси Балгын дарын ури гасым илпјъндансимилсе. Хулјъм И гисаҥгва и мамыро чуҥсъҥыл дахајъ Гөроуна џылгъуна нара сараҥхасе. Хулјъм	Тонхэ мульгва Пэктусани марыго тальдорок Ханыними поухаса ури нара мансе Хурём: Мугунхва самчхолли хварё кансан Тэхан сарам Тэханыро кири поджонхасе Намсан вие чо сонаму чхольгабыль турын тыт Парам сори пульбёнхамын ури кисанъильсе Хурём Каыль ханыль конхварханде нопко курым опси Пальгын тарын ури касым ильпхён тансимильсе Хурём И кисангва и мамыро чхунсоныль тахаё Квероуна чыльгоуна нара саранхасе Хурём	Тонхемульгва пектусані мариго тальдорок, Ханинімі поухаса урінара мансе. Хурьом: Мугунхва самчхоллі хварьогансан, Техансарам теханиро кірі поджонхасе. Намсанвіє чо сонаму чхольгабиль турин тит, Парамсорі пульбьонхамин урі гісанільсе. Хурьом Каиль ханиль конхварханде нопко куримопсі, Пальгин тарин урі касим ільпхьондансімільсе. Хурьом Ікісангва імамиро чхунсониль тахайо, Квероуна чильгоуна нара саранхасе. Хурьом

Thai transliteration[edit]

ทงแฮ มุลกวา แพ็กตูซานี มารือโก ทัลโท-รก
ฮานือนีมี โพอูฮาซา อูรีนารา มันเซ

บทรับ
มูกุงฮวา ซัมช็อลลี ฮวารยอกังซัน
แทฮันซารัม แทฮานือโร คีรี โพจ็อนฮาเซ

นัมซัน วีเอ ชอ โซนามู ช็อลกาบึล ทูรึน ตึด
พารัมซอรี พุล-บย็อนฮามึน อูรี คีซางิลเซ

บทรับ

คาอึล ฮานึล คงฮวัลฮันเด นบโก กูรือม็อบชี
พัลกึน ทารึน อูรี คาซึม อิลพย็อนดันชีมิลเซ

บทรับ

อี คีซังกวา อี มามือโร ชุงซองึล ทาฮายอ
คเวโรอูนา ชึลกออูนา นารา ซารังฮาเซ

บทรับ

Arabization[edit]

دونغهاي مُلغوا بايكدُساني
هانُنِمي بوهاسا أورينارا مانسي

تكرار
مُغُنغهوا سامتشولّي هواريو غانغسان
دايهان سارام دايهانُرو غِري بوجونهاسي

نامسان وي جو سونامو تشولغابُل دُرُن دُت
بارام سوري بُلبيونهامُن أوري غِسانغِلسي

تكرار

غايُل هانُل غونغهوال هاندي نوبغو غُرُم أوبسي
بالغُن دارُن أوري غاسُم إلبيوندانسِمِلشي

تكرار

غِسانغوا إي مامُرو تشُنغسونغُل دايهايو
غويرونا جُلغونا نارا سارانغهاسي

تكرار

External links[edit]

References[edit]

[1] ttps://archive.org/details/RepublicOfKorea-NationalAnthem

[2] ttp://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Index?contents_id=E0035201

[3] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Yhynerson1/Korean_Turkish_Alphabet

[4] ttps://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/thai.pdf

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]